Ontario Operator-in-Training (OIT) Practice Exam

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Which device is specifically designed for measuring the flow of wastewater in open channels?

venturi meter
parshall flume
orifice plate
magnetic flow meter

The correct answer is: parshall flume

The parshall flume is specifically designed to measure the flow of wastewater in open channels. This device operates using the principle of varying cross-sectional area, which causes changes in velocity and can be accurately correlated to flow rates. The shape and design of the parshall flume allow it to provide precise flow measurements, even under varying conditions of flow and channel geometry. It is particularly advantageous for measuring flow in wastewater applications because it can handle a range of flow rates, is relatively easy to install, and is less prone to the issues associated with blockages and sedimentation that can affect other types of flow measurement devices. In contrast, a venturi meter is primarily used in closed pipe systems, where it measures the flow based on the pressure differential created by a narrowed section of pipe. An orifice plate, while effective for flow measurement in closed systems as well, can also introduce significant head loss, making it less ideal for open channel applications where accuracy is crucial. A magnetic flow meter utilizes electromagnetic principles to measure the velocity of conductive fluids, but is also more suited to closed conduits rather than open channels. Thus, the parshall flume stands out as the most appropriate choice for measuring wastewater flow in open channels.