Ontario Operator-in-Training (OIT) Practice Exam

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Study for the Ontario Operator-in-Training (OIT) Exam. Sharpen your knowledge with flashcards, multiple choice questions, and detailed explanations. Be fully prepared for your licensing exam!

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What factor contributes to greater head loss in pipes?

A smoother pipe interior
A larger pipe diameter
Old, rough pipe surfaces
A shorter pipe length

The correct answer is: Old, rough pipe surfaces

Greater head loss in pipes is influenced by the roughness of the pipe surface. As water flows through a pipe, any irregularities or roughness increase friction between the fluid and the pipe wall. This increased friction resists the flow of water, resulting in higher energy loss, which translates to greater head loss. Old pipes often develop rough internal surfaces due to corrosion, deposits, and wear over time, exacerbating this effect. In contrast, smoother pipe interiors reduce friction and thus minimize head loss. A larger pipe diameter allows for easier flow and reduced velocity, which also leads to lower head loss. Likewise, a shorter pipe length typically results in less distance for the fluid to travel, which further decreases head loss. Therefore, old and rough pipe surfaces significantly contribute to increased head loss compared to other factors.